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AWS AIF-C01 · AI 真题库(452 题) · 第 02 份

第 2/10 份 · 题目 51–100 · 共 452 题 · 点选项后按「确认作答」即刻判对错 · 来源:扫描版 AWS AI 题库(452 题,中英对照)

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Question 51单选#51

A company needs to choose a model from Amazon Bedrock to use internally. The company must identify a model that generates responses in a style that the company's employees prefer. What should the company do to meet these requirements?

一家公司需要从亚马逊Bedrock中选择一个模型用于内部使用。该公司必须确定一个能生成员工更喜欢的风 格的回复的模型。 公司应采取什么措施来满足这些要求?

  1. A

    Evaluate the models by using built-in prompt datasets.

    使用内置的提示数据集来评估模型。

  2. B

    Evaluate the models by using a human workforce and custom prompt datasets.

    通过使用人工劳动力和自定义提示数据集来评估这些模型。

  3. C

    Use public model leaderboards to identify the model.

    利用公共模型排行榜来识别模型。

  4. D

    Use the model InvocationLatency runtime metrics in Amazon CloudWatch when trying models.

    在试用模型时,请使用AmazonCloudWatch中的模型调用延迟运行时指标。

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 B

Evaluating models using a human workforce and custom prompt datasets ensures that the model generates responses in the style that aligns with the company's preferences. The other options either do not provide direct feedback on style preferences or are not specific enough for determining suitability basedonemployeepreferences.

使用人工团队和定制的提示数据集来评估模型,能够确保模型生成的回复风格符合公司的偏好。其他选项 要么无法直接反馈风格偏好,要么不够具体,无法根据员工偏好来确定其适用性。

Question 52单选#52

A student at a university is copying content from generative Al to write essays. Which challenge of responsible generative Al does this scenario represent?

一名大学生在抄袭生成式人工智能的内容来写论文。 这种情况代表了负责任的生成式人工智能面临的哪项挑战?

  1. A

    Toxicity

    毒性

  2. B

    Hallucinations

    幻觉

  3. C

    Plagiarism

    抄袭

  4. D

    Privacy

    隐私

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 C

Copying content from generative Al to write essays without proper attribution constitutes plagiarism, which is a key challenge of responsible generative Al. The other options are unrelated to this specific issue.

从生成式人工智能复制内容来撰写文章而不注明出处属于抄袭,这是负责任的生成式人工智能面临的一个 关键挑战。其他选项写此特定尚题无关。位法长

Question 53单选#53

A company needs to build its own large language model (LLM) based on only the company's private data. The company is concerned about the environmental effect of the training process. Which Amazon EC2 instance type has the LEAST environmental effect when training LLMs?

一家公司需要仅基于其私有数据构建自已的大型语言模型(LLM)。该公司担心训练过程对环境造成的影 响。 在训练大型语言模型时,哪种亚马逊EC2实例类型对环境的影响最小?

  1. A

    Amazon EC2 C series

    亚马逊EC2 C系列

  2. B

    AmazonEC2Gseries

    亚马逊EC2 G系列

  3. C

    Amazon EC2 P series

    亚马逊 EC2 P系列

  4. D

    Amazon EC2 Trn series

    亚马逊 EC2 Trn系列

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 D

Amazon EC2 Trn series instances (powered by AWs Trainium chips) are designed to provide efficient and environmentally friendly training of large machine learning models. They are optimized for energy efficiency, which reduces the environmental impact of the training process. The other instance types are not specifically optimized for minimizing environmental effects during training.

亚马逊EC2Trn系列实例(由AWSTrainium芯片提供支持)旨在为大型机器学习模型的训练提供高效且环 保的解决方案。它们针对能源效率进行了优化,从而降低了训练过程对环境的影响。其他实例类型并未专门 针对训练过程中的环境影响最小化进行优化。

Question 54单选#54

A company wants to build an interactive application for children that generates new stories based on classic stories. The company wants to use Amazon Bedrock and needs to ensure that the results and topics are appropriate for children. Which AWS service or feature will meet these requirements?

一家公司想要为儿童开发一款互动应用程序,该程序能基于经典故事生成新的故事。该公司希望使用 亚马逊Bedrock,并且需要确保生成的结果和主题适合儿童。 哪种AWS服务或功能能满足这些要求?

  1. A

    Amazon Rekognition

    亚马逊Rekognition

  2. B

    Amazon Bedrock playgrounds

    亚马逊Bedrock沙盒环境

  3. C

    Guardrails for Amazon Bedrock

    亚马逊 Bedrock 的防护栏

  4. D

    Agents for Amazon Bedrock

    亚马逊Bedrock的代理机构

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 C

Guardrails for Amazon Bedrock can help ensure that the output generated by Amazon Bedrock is appropriate for children. Guardrails are used to apply content moderation, guidelines, and ensure safety by filtering potentially harmful or inappropriate content, which is essential when building an interactive application for children.

亚马逊Bedrock的防护栏可帮助确保由亚马逊Bedrock生成的内容适合儿童。防护栏用于实施内容审核、遵 循相关准则,并通过过滤潜在有害或不适当的内容来保障安全,这对于为儿童开发互动应用程序至关重要。

Question 55单选#55

A company is building an application that needs to generate synthetic data that is based on existing data. Which type of model can the company use to meet this requirement?

一家公司正在开发一款应用程序,该程序需要基于现有数据生成合成数据。 公司可以使用哪种类型的模型来满足这一要求?

  1. A

    Generative adversarial network (GAN)

    生成对抗网络(GAN)

  2. B

    XGBoost

    XGBoost算法

  3. C

    Residual neural network

    残差神经网络

  4. D

    WaveNet

    WaveNet

答案 / Answer

正确答案 A

Question 56单选#56

A digital devices company wants to predict customer demand for memory hardware. The company does not have coding experience or knowledge of ML algorithms and needs to develop a data-driven predictive model. The company needs to perform analysis on internal data and external data. Which solution will meet these requirements?

一家数字设备公司希望预测客户对内存硬件的需求。该公司没有编程经验,也不了解机器学习算法,需要 开发一个基于数据的预测模型。该公司需要对内部数据和外部数据进行分析。 哪种解决方案能满足这些要求?

  1. A

    Store the data in Amazon S3. Create ML models and demand forecast predictions by using Amazon SageMaker built-in algorithms that use the data from Amazon S3.

    将数据存储在亚马逊S3中。使用亚马逊SageMaker内置算法,利用来自亚马逊S3的数据创建机器学 习模型和需求预测。

  2. B

    Import the data into Amazon SageMaker Data Wrangler. Create ML models and demand forecast predictions by using SageMaker built-in algorithms.

    将数据导入到亚马逊SageMaker数据转换器中。使用SageMaker内置算法创建机器学习模型和需求 预测。效。

  3. C

    Import the data into Amazon SageMaker Data Wrangler. Build ML models and demand forecast predictions by using an Amazon Personalize Trending-Now recipe.

    将数据导入到Amazon SageMakerData Wrangler中。使用Amazon Personalize Trending-Now配方 构建机器学习模型和需录预测。

  4. D

    Import the data into Amazon SageMaker Canvas. Build ML models and demand forecast predictions by selecting the values in the data from SageMaker Canvas.

    将数据导入AmazonSageMakerCanvas。通过在SageMakerCanvas中选择数据中的值来构建机器学习 模型和需求预测。

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 D

Amazon SageMaker Canvas is a no-code tool that allows users to build ML models and make predictions without requiring programming knowledge. It is ideal for users with no coding experience, providing an easy interface for importing data and generating predictive models. The other options require more technical expertise or are not designed for no-code model building.

亚马逊SageMakerCanvas是一款无需代码的工具,能让用户在无需编程知识的情况下构建机器学习模型并 进行预测。它非常适合没有编程经验的用户,提供了一个简便的界面用于导入数据和生成预测模型。其他 选项则需要更多的技术专长,或者并非专为无需代码的模型构建而设计。

Question 57单选#57

A company has installed a security camera. The company uses an ML model to evaluate the security camera footage for potential thefts. The company has discovered that the model disproportionately flags people who are members of a specific ethnic group. Which type of bias is affecting the model output?

一家公司安装了监控摄像头。该公司使用一个机器学习模型来评估监控录像,以发现可能存在的盗窃行为。 该公司发现,该模型对特定族商群体成员的标记比例过高。 哪种类型的偏差正在影响模型输出?

  1. A

    Measurement bias

    测量偏差

  2. B

    Sampling bias

    抽样偏差

  3. C

    Observer bias

    观察者偏差

  4. D

    Confirmation bias

    确认偏差

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 B

Sampling bias occurs when the training data is not representative of the overall population, leading to disproportionate flagging of specific groups. In this case, the model may have been trained on biased data that did not adequately represent all ethnic groups, resulting in skewed predictions. The other types of bias do not directly apply to the selection of training data or its representativeness.

当训练数据不能代表总体人群时,就会出现抽样偏差,导致对特定群体的标记不均衡。在这种情况下,模型 可能是基于有偏差的数据进行训练的,这些数据未能充分代表所有种族群体,从而导致预测结果出现偏差。 其他类型的偏差并不直接适用于训练数据的选择或其代表性。

Question 58单选#58

A company is building a customer service chatbot. The company wants the chatbot to improve its responses by learning from past interactions and online resources. Which Al learning strategy provides this self-improvement capability?

一家公司正在开发一个客户服务聊天机器人。该公司希望聊天机器人通过学习过往的互动记录和在 线资源来改进其回复。 哪种人工智能学习策略具备这种自我提升的能力?

  1. A

    Supervised learning with a manually curated dataset of good responses and bad responses

    使用人工整理的优质回复和劣质回复数据集进行监督学习

  2. B

    Reinforcement learning with rewards for positive customer feedback

    基于积极客户反馈奖励的强化学习

  3. C

    Unsupervised learning to find clusters of similar customer inquiries

    无监督学习以发现相似客户咨询的聚类

  4. D

    Supervised learning with a continuously updated FAQ database

    基于持续更新的常见问题解答数据库的监督学习

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 B

Reinforcement learning allows the chatbot to learn from interactions by receiving rewards for positive customer feedback, which helps the model self-improve over time. The other options do not directly provide a mechanism for continuous self-improvement based on interactions.

强化学习使聊天机器人能够通过接收积极客户反馈的奖励从交互中学习,这有助于模型随着时间的推 移不断自我改进。其他选项没有直接提供基于交互进行持续自我改进的机制。

Question 59单选#59

An Al practitioner has built a deep learning model to classify the types of materials in images. The Al practitioner now wants to measure the model performance. Which metric will help the Al practitioner evaluate the performance of the model?

一位人工智能从业者构建了一个深度学习模型,用于对图像中的材料类型进行分类。现在,这位从业 者想要衡量该模型的性能。。会,国, 哪个指标能帮助人工智能从业者评估模型的性能?

  1. A

    Confusion matrix

    混滑矩阵

  2. B

    Correlation matrix

    相关矩阵

  3. C

    R2 score

    R2 分数

  4. D

    Mean squared error (MSE)

    均方误差(MSE)

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 A

A confusion matrix provides detailed insights into the performance of a classification model by showing the true positives, false positives, true negatives, and false negatives. This metric helps evaluate how well the model classifies the different types of materials in images. The other metrics are not as suitable for evaluating a classification model.

混淆矩阵通过展示真阳性、假阳性、真阴性和假阴性,为分类模型的性能提供了详细的见解。该指标有助于 评估模型对图像中不同材料类型的分类效果。其他指标则不太适合用于评估分类模型。

Question 60单选#60

A company has built a chatbot that can respond to natural language questions with images. The company wants to ensure that the chatbot does not return inappropriate or unwanted images. Which solution will meet these requirements?

一家公司开发了一款能够用图片回答自然语言问题的聊天机器人。该公司希望确保聊天机器人不会返回不 适当或不受欢迎的图片。 哪种解决方案能满足这些要求?

  1. A

    Implement moderation APls.

    实现审核API。

  2. B

    Retrain the model with a general public dataset.

    使用通用的公共数据集重新训练模型。

  3. C

    Perform model validation.

    进行模型验证。

  4. D

    Automate user feedback integration.

    自动化用户反馈整合。

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 A

Implementing moderation APls can help filter and block inappropriate or unwanted images before they are returned by the chatbot. The other options do not directly address ensuring that the chatbot avoids returning inappropriate images.

实现审核API可以帮助在聊天机器人返回之前过滤和屏蔽不适当或不需要的图片。其他选项并不能直接解 决确保聊天机器人不返回不适当图片的问题。

Question 61单选#61

An Al practitioner is using an Amazon Bedrock base model to summarize session chats from the customer service department. The Al practitioner wants to store invocation logs to monitor model input and output data. Which strategy should the Al practitioner use?

一位人工智能从业者正在使用亚马逊Bedrock基础模型来总结客户服务部门的会话聊天记录。该从业者希望 存储调用日志以监控模型的输入和输出数据。 人工智能从业者应该采用哪种策略?

  1. A

    Configure AWS CloudTrail as the logs destination for the model.

    将AWSCloudTrail配置为模型的日志目标。

  2. B

    Enable model invocation logging in Amazon Bedrock.

    在AmazonBedrock中启用模型调用日志记录。

  3. C

    Configure AWS Audit Manager as the logs destination for the model.

    将AWS审计管理器配置为模型的日志目标。

  4. D

    Configure model invocation logging in Amazon EventBridge.

    在AmazonEventBridge中配置模型调用日志记录。

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 B

Enabling invocation logging in Amazon Bedrock allows the Al practitioner to monitor and store the input and output data for model invocations. The other options are not directly used for logging model invocationsin Amazon Bedrock.

在业马逊Bedrock中启用调用日志记录功能,可让AI实践者监控并存储模型调用的输入和输出数据。其 他选项并非直接用于在亚马逊Bedrock中记录模型调用。

Question 62单选#62

A company is building an ML model to analyze archived data. The company must perform inference on large datasets that are multiple GBs in size. The company does not need to access the model predictions immediately. Which Amazon SageMaker inference option will meet these requirements?

一家公司正在构建一个机器学习模型来分析存档数据。该公司必须对多个GB大小的大型数据集进行推理。 该公司无需立即获取模型预测结果。 哪种业马逊SageMaker推理选项能满足这些要求?

  1. A

    Batch transform

    批量转换

  2. B

    Real-time inference

    实时推理

  3. C

    Serverless inference

    无服务器推理

  4. D

    Asynchronous inference

    异步推理

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 A

Batch transform is ideal for processing large datasets that do not require real-time predictions. It allows the company to perform inference on multiple GBs of data efficiently without needing immediate results. The other options are more suitable for scenarios requiring real-time or near real-time access.

批处理转换非常适合处理那些不需要实时预测的大数据集。它能让公司高效地对数GB的数据进行推理,而 无需即时结果。其他选项则更适合需要实时或近实时访问的场景。

Question 63单选#63

Which term describes the numerical representations of real-world objects and concepts that Al and natural language processing (NLP) models use to improve understanding of textual information?

哪个术语描述了人工智能和自然语言处理(NLP)模型用于提高对文本信息理解的现实世界对象和概念的数 学表宗形式?

  1. A

    Embeddings

    嵌入向量

  2. B

    Tokens

    代币

  3. C

    Models

    模型

  4. D

    Binaries

    二进制文件

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 A

Embeddings are numerical representations of real-world objects and concepts that help Al and NLP models understand and work with textual information more effectively by capturing relationships and similarities between words or phrases. The other options do not describe this concept.

嵌入是现实世界中的对象和概念的数值表示形式,有助于AI和自然语言处理模型更有效地理解和处 理文本信息,通过捕捉单词或短语之间的关系和相似性。其他选项并未描述这一概念。

Question 64单选#64

A research company implemented a chatbot by using a foundation model (FM) from Amazon Bedrock. The chatbot searches for answers to questions from a large database of research papers. After multiple prompt engineering attempts, the company notices that the FM is performing poorly because of the complex scientific terms in the research papers. How can the company improve the performance of the chatbot?

一家研究公司利用亚马逊Bedrock提供的基础模型(FM)部署了一个聊天机器人。该聊天机器人从一个庞 大的研究论文数据库中搜索问题的答案。 经过多次提示工程尝试,公司发现由于研究论文中复杂的科学术语,FM的表现不佳。 公司如何才能提升聊天机器人的性能?

  1. A

    Use few-shot prompting to define how the FM can answer the questions.

    使用少样本提示来定义FM应如何回答问题。

  2. B

    Use domain adaptation fine-tuning to adapt the FM to complex scientific terms.

    利用领域自适应微调将FM适配到复杂的科学术语上。

  3. C

    Change the FM inference parameters.

    更改 FM 推理参数。

  4. D

    Clean the research paper data to remove complex scientific terms.

    清理研究论文数据,去除复杂的科学术语。

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 B

Domain adaptation fine-tuning allows the FM to better understand the complex scientific terms by training it with domain-specific data, improving its performance on such specialized content. The other options are either insufficient or not directly related to handling complex terminology effectively.

领域适应微调通过使用特定领域的数据对FM进行训练,使其能够更好地理解复杂的科学术语,从而提高其 在处理此类专业内容时的表现。其他选项要么不够充分,要么与有效处理复杂术语没有直接关系。

Question 65单选#65

A company wants to use a large language model (LLM) on Amazon Bedrock for sentiment analysis. The company needs the LLM to produce more consistent responses to the same input prompt. Which adjustment to an inference parameter should the company make to meet these requirements?

一家公司希望在亚马逊Bedrock上使用大型语言模型(LLM)进行情感分析。该公司需要该LLM对相同 的输入提示给出更一致的响应。 为了满足这些要求,公司应当对推断参数做出何种调整?

  1. A

    Decrease the temperature value.

    降低温度值。

  2. B

    Increase the temperature value.

    提高温度值。

  3. C

    Decrease the length of output tokens.

    减少输出标记的长度。

  4. D

    Increase the maximum generation length.

    增加最大生成长度。

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 A

Decreasing the temperature value makes the model's output more deterministic and consistent by reducing randomness in response generation. The other adjustments do not directly ensure consistent responses.

降低温度值可减少响应生成中的随机性,从而使模型的输出更具确定性和一致性。其他调整并不能直接 确保响应的一致性。

Question 66单选#66

A company wants to develop a large language model (LLM) application by using Amazon Bedrock and customer data that is uploaded to Amazon S3. The company's security policy states that each team can access data for only the team's own customers. Which solution will meet these requirements?

一家公司希望利用亚马逊Bedrock和上传至亚马逊S3的客户数据开发一个大型语言模型(LLM)应用程 序。该公司的安全政策规定,每个团队只能访问其自身客户的资料。 哪种解决方案能满足这些要求?

  1. A

    Create an Amazon Bedrock custom service role for each team that has access to only the team's customer data.

    为每个有权访问其团队客户数据的团队创建一个仅限于该团队客户数据的亚马逊Bedrock自定义服 务角色。

  2. B

    Create a custom service role that has Amazon S3 access. Ask teams to specify the customer name on each Amazon Bedrock request.

    创建一个具有Amazon S3访问权限的自定义服务角色。要求各团队在每个AmazonBedrock请求中注明客 卢名称。

  3. C

    Redact personal data in Amazon S3. Update the S3 bucket policy to allow team access to customer data.

    在亚马逊S3中对个人数据进行脱敏处理。更新S3存储桶策略以允许团队访问客户数据。

  4. D

    Create one Amazon Bedrock role that has full Amazon S3 access. Create IAM roles for each team that have access to only each team's customer folders.

    创建一个拥有AmazonS3全部访问权限的AmazonBedrock角色。为每个团队创建IAM角色,使其仅能 访问各自团队的客户文件夹。

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 A

Creating a custom Amazon Bedrock service role for each team with restricted access to only the team's customer data ensures compliance with the security policy, providing the necessary data segregation and access control. The other options do not effectively enforce team-specific access or may pose risks of broaderaccess than allowedby thepolicy.

为每个团队创建具有仅限访问该团队客户数据权限的自定义亚马逊Bedrock服务角色,可确保符合安 全策略,实现必要的数据隔离和访问控制。其他选项无法有效实施团队特定的访问权限,或者可能会 导致超出策略允许范围的更广泛访问权限。

Question 67单选#67

A medical company deployed a disease detection model on Amazon Bedrock. To comply with privacy policies, the company wants to prevent the model from including personal patient information in its responses. The company also wants to receive notification when policy violations occur. Which solution meets these requirements?

一家医疗公司在亚马逊Bedrock上部署了一个疾病检测模型。为遵守隐私政策,该公司希望防止 模型在响应中包含患者的个人信息。同时,该公司还希望在出现政策违规情况时收到通知。 哪种解决方案能满足这些要求?

  1. A

    Use Amazon Macie to scan the model's output for sensitive data and set up alerts for potential violations.

    使用亚马逊Macie扫描模型输出中的敏感数据,并为潜在违规行为设置警报。

  2. B

    Configure Aws CloudTrail to monitor the model's responses and create alerts for any detected personal information.

    配置AWSCloudTrail来监控模型的响应,并针对检测到的任何个人信息创建警报。

  3. C

    Use Guardrails for Amazon Bedrock to filter content. Set up Amazon CloudWatch alarms for notification of policy violations.

    使用亚马逊Bedrock的防护栏来过滤内容。设置亚马逊CloudWatch警报以通知策略违规 情况。

  4. D

    Implement Amazon SageMaker Model Monitor to detect data drift and receive alerts when model quality degrades.

    实施亚马逊SageMaker模型监控器以检测数据漂移,并在模型质量下降时接收警报。

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 C

Guardrails for Amazon Bedrock can be used to filter content and ensure that personal patient information is not included in model responses. Setting up Amazon CloudWatch alarms allows the company to receive notifications when policy violations occur. The other options are not specifically designed for filtering model output and monitoring policy compliance.

亚马逊Bedrock的防护栏可用于筛选内容,确保模型响应中不包含个人患者信息。设置亚马逊 CloudWatch警报可让公司收到政策违规的通知。其他选项并非专门用于筛选模型输出和监控政策合规 性。

Question 68单选#68

A company manually reviews all submitted resumes in PDF format. As the company grows, the company expects the volume of resumes to exceed the company's review capacity. The company needs an automated system to convert the PDF resumes into plain text format for additional processing. Which AWS service meets this requirement?

一家公司目前对所有提交的PDF格式简历进行人工审核。随着公司规模的扩大,预计简历数量将超 出公司的审核能力。公司需要一个自动化系统将PDF格式的简厉转换为纯文本格式,以便进行进一 步处理。 哪个AWS服务能满足这一要求?

  1. A

    Amazon Textract

    亚马逊Textract

  2. B

    Amazon Personalize

    业马逊个性化服务

  3. C

    Amazon Lex

    亚马逊Lex

  4. D

    Amazon Transcribe

    亚马逊转录服务

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 A

Amazon Textract can extract text from PDF documents, making it suitable for converting resumes into plain text for further processing. The other services do not provide functionality to extract text from PDFs.

亚马逊Textract能够从PDF文档中提取文本,因此适合将简历转换为纯文本以进行进一步处理。其 他服务不具备从PDF中提取文宋的能

Question 69单选#69

An education provider is building a question and answer application that uses a generative Al model to explain complex concepts. The education provider wants to automatically change the style of the model response depending on who is asking the question. The education provider will give the model the age range of the user who has asked the question. Which solution meets these requirements with the LEAST implementation effort?

一家教育机构正在开发一款问答应用程序,该程序使用生成式人工智能模型来解释复杂概念。该教 育机构希望根据提问者的不同自动调整模型回答的风格。教育机构会向模型提供提问者的年龄范围。 哪种解决方案能以最少的实施工作量满足这些要求?

  1. A

    Fine-tune the model by using additional training data that is representative of the various age ranges that the application will support.

    通过使用能代表应用程序将支持的各种年龄段的更多训练数据来微调模型。

  2. B

    Add a role description to the prompt context that instructs the model of the age range that the response should target.

    在提示语境中添加角色描述,告知模型所生成的回答应针对的年龄范围。

  3. C

    Use chain-of-thought reasoning to deduce the correct style and complexity for a response suitable for that user.

    运用链式思维推理,推断出适合该用户的正确回应风格和复杂程度。

  4. D

    Summarize the response text depending on the age of the user so that younger users receive shorter responses.

    根据用户的年龄对回复内容进行总结,以便年龄较小的用户收到的回复更简短。

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 B

Adding a role description to the prompt is the simplest and most effective way to adjust the model's response style based on the user's age range. It requires minimal implementation effort and effectively tailors the output. The other options involve more complex processes, such as fine-tuning or additional reasoning steps.

在提示中添加角色描述是根据用户年龄范围调整模型响应风格最简单且最有效的方法。这种方法实 施起来几乎不费力,还能有效地定制输出内容。其他选项则涉及更复杂的流程,比如微调或额外的 推理步骤。

Question 70单选#70

Which strategy evaluates the accuracy of a foundation model (FM) that is used in image classification tasks?

哪种策略用于评估在图像分类任务中使用的基础模型(FM)的准确性?

  1. A

    Calculate the total cost of resources used by the model.

    计算模型所使用资源的总成本。

  2. B

    Measure the model's accuracy against a predefined benchmark dataset.

    用预先定义的基准数据集来衡量模型的准确性。

  3. C

    Count the number of layers in the neural network.

    计算神经网络中的层数。

  4. D

    Assess the color accuracy of images processed by the model.

    评估模型处理后的图像的颜色准确性。

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 B

Evaluating a foundation model's accuracy by measuring its performance against a predefined benchmark dataset is the standard approach for assessing accuracy in image classification tasks. The other options do not provide an appropriate measure of classification accuracy.

通过将基础模型在预定义的基准数据集上的表现进行衡量来评估其准确性,这是评估图像分类任务准 确性的标准方法。其他选项并不能提供恰当的分类准确度衡量标准。

Question 71多选#71

An accounting firm wants to implement a large language model (LLM) to automate document processing. The firm must proceed responsibly to avoid potential harms. What should the firm do when developing and deploying the LLM? (Choose two.)

一家会计事务所想要采用大型语言模型(LLM)来实现文件处理自动化。该事务所必须谨慎行事,以 避免潜在的危害。 在开发和部署大型语言模型时,公司应该怎么做?(选择两项。)

  1. A

    Include fairness metrics for model evaluation.

    在模型评估中纳入公平性指标。

  2. B

    Adjust the temperature parameter of the model.

    调整模型的温度参数。

  3. C

    Modify the training data to mitigate bias.

    修改训练数据以减轻偏差。

  4. D

    Avoid overfitting on the training data.

    避免在训练数据上过拟合。

  5. E

    Apply prompt engineering techniques.

    应用提示工程技巧。

多选 · 需选 2 项
解析 / Explanation

正确答案 A,C

Include fairness metrics for model evaluation: Fairness metrics help ensure that the LLM is unbiased and treats all cases equitably, which is essential for responsible Al use. Modify the training data to mitigate bias: Adjusting the training data helps reduce any inherent bias that might exist, contributing to a more fair and responsible LLM. The other options are related to general model optimization but do not directly address responsible Al practices regarding potential harms like bias and fairness.

在模型评估中纳入公平性指标:公平性指标有助于确保大型语言模型不存在偏见,并公平对待所有情 况,这对宇负责任地使角人工智能至关董要。口,国司 修改训练数据以减轻偏差:调整训练数据有助于减少任何固有的偏差。 可能会存在,有助于打造一个更公平、更负责任的语言模型。 其他选项涉及的是通用模型优化,但并未直接针对有关潜在危害(如偏见和公平性)的负责任的人工 智能实践。

Question 72单选#72

A company is building an ML model. The company collected new data and analyzed the data by creating a correlation matrix, calculating statistics, and visualizing the data. Which stage of the ML pipeline is the company currently in?

一家公司正在构建一个机器学习模型。该公司收集了新的数据,并通过创建相关矩阵、计算统计数据以及可 视化数据来对这些数据进行了分析。。 该公司目前处于机器学习流程的哪个阶段?

  1. A

    Data pre-processing

    数据预处理

  2. B

    Feature engineering

    特征工程

  3. C

    Exploratory data analysis

    探索性数据分析

  4. D

    Hyperparameter tuning

    超参数调优

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 C

The company is currently in the exploratory data analysis (EDA) stage, which involves summarizing data through statistics, visualizations, and correlation matrices to understand the dataset before moving on to modeling. The other options are subsequent steps in the ML pipeline.

该公司目前处于探索性数据分析(EDA)阶段,这一阶段通过统计、可视化和相关矩阵来总结数据,以便 在进行建模之前了解数据集。其他选项是机器学习流程中的后续步骤。

Question 73单选#73

A company has documents that are missing some words because of a database error. The company wants to build an ML model that can suggest potential words to fll in the missing text. Which type of model meets this requirement?

一家公司有一些文件由于数据库错误而缺失了一些单词。该公司希望构建一个机器学习模型,能够为 缺失的文本提供奇能的补全单词。一的以工 哪种类型的模型能满足这一要求?

  1. A

    Topic modeling

    主题建模

  2. B

    Clustering models

    聚类模型

  3. C

    Prescriptive ML models

    规范性机器学习模型

  4. D

    BERT-based models

    基于BERT的模型

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 D

BERT-based models are well-suited for natural language understanding tasks, including filling in missing words, because they use contextual information to predict missing tokens in a text. The other types of models are not designed for this type of text completion task.

基于BERT的模型非常适合自然语言理解任务,包括填补缺失的单词,因为它们利用上下文信息来预测文 本中缺失的标记。其他类型的模型并非为此类文本补全任务而设计。

Question 74单选#74

A company wants to display the total sales for its top-selling products across various retail locations in the past 12 months. Which AWS solution should the company use to automate the generation of graphs?

一家公司希望展示其过去12个月内在各零售点最畅销产品的总销售额。 该公司应使用哪种AWS解决方案来实现图表生成的自动化?

  1. A

    Amazon Q in Amazon Ec2

    亚马逊EC2中的亚马逊Q

  2. B

    Amazon Q Developer

    亚马逊Q开发者

  3. C

    Amazon Q in Amazon QuickSight

    Amazon Q 在 Amazon QuickSight 中

  4. D

    Amazon Q in AWS Chatbot

    亚马逊Q在AWS聊天机器人中

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 C

Amazon Q in Amazon QuickSight allows users to ask questions in natural language and automatically generate graphs and visualizations to display insights, such as total sales for top-selling products. The other options do not provide the same functionality for generating visual analytics.

亚马逊Q是亚马逊QuickSight中的一项功能,它允许用户以自然语言提问,并自动生成图表和可视化 内容来展示分析结果,例如畅销产品的总销售额。其他选项不具备生成此类可视化分析的功能。

Question 75单选#75

A company is building a chatbot to improve user experience. The company is using a large language model (LLM) from Amazon Bedrock for intent detection. The company wants to use few-shot learning to improve intent detection accuracy. Which additional data does the company need to meet these requirements?

一家公司正在开发聊天机器人以提升用户体验。该公司正在使用亚马逊Bedrock提供的大语言模型 (LLM)来进行意图检测。该公司希望利用少样本学习来提高意图检测的准确性。 公司还需要哪些额外的数据才能满足这些要求?

  1. A

    Pairs of chatbot responses and correct user intents

    对话机器人回复与正确用户意图的配对

  2. B

    Pairs of user messages and correct chatbot responses

    用户消息与正确聊天机器人回复的配对

  3. C

    Pairs of user messages and correct user intents

    用户消息与正确用户意图的配对

  4. D

    Pairs of user intents and correct chatbot responses

    用户意图与正确聊天机器人回复的配对

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 C

Few-shot learning involves providing the model with a few examples to help it understand how to perform the task. For intent detection, the company needs pairs of user messages and the correct user intents, which will help the LLM improve its accuracy in detecting user intents. The other options do not provide the necessary pairing for improving intent detection.

少样本学习涉及为模型提供少量示例,以帮助其了解如何执行任务。对于意图检测,公司需要用户消息与正 确用户意图的配对,这将有助于大语言模型提高其检测用户意图的准确性。其他选项无法提供改进意图检测 所需的配对。

Question 76单选#76

A company is using few-shot prompting on a base model that is hosted on Amazon Bedrock. The model currently uses 10 examples in the prompt. The model is invoked once daily and is performing well. The company wants to lower the monthly cost. Which solution will meet these requirements?

一家公司正在亚马逊Bedrock上托管的基础模型上使用少样本提示。该模型目前在提示中使用10个示例。 该模型每天调用一次,运行良好。该公司希望降低每月成本。 哪种解决方案能满足这些要求?

  1. A

    Customize the model by using fine-tuning.

    通过微调来定制模型。

  2. B

    Decrease the number of tokens in the prompt.

    减少提示中的标记数量。

  3. C

    Increase the number of tokens in the prompt.

    增加提示中的标记数量。

  4. D

    Use Provisioned Throughput.

    使用预配置的吞吐量。

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 B

Decreasing the number of tokens in the prompt reduces the amount of data being processed, thereby lowering the cost of using the model. Since the model is performing well, reducing the prompt size is a cost-effective way to maintain performance while lowering expenses. The other options either increase costs or are unrelated to prompt size.

减少提示中的标记数量会降低处理的数据量,从而降低使用模型的成本。由于模型运行良好,减小提示 大小是在保持性能的同时降低费用的一种经济有效的方法。其他选项要么会增加成本,要么与提示大小 无关。

Question 77单选#77

An Al practitioner is using a large language model (LLM) to create content for marketing campaigns. The generated content sounds plausible and factual but is incorrect. Which problem is the LLM having?

一位人工智能从业者正在使用大型语言模型(LLM)为营销活动生成内容。生成的内容听起来合理且真实, 但实际上却是错误的。影。 这个大型语言模型遇到了什么问题?

  1. A

    Data leakage

    数据泄露

  2. B

    Hallucination

    幻觉

  3. C

    Overfitting

    过拟合

  4. D

    Underfitting

    欠拟合

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 B

Hallucination occurs when a large language model generates content that appears plausible and factual but is incorrect or fabricated. This is a common issue with LLMs. The other options do not describe this particular behavior.

幻觉是指大型语言模型生成的内容看似合理且真实,但实际上却是错误的或虚构的。这是大型语言模 型常见的一个问题。其他选项并不能描述这种特定的行为。

Question 78单选#78

An Al practitioner trained a custom model on Amazon Bedrock by using a training dataset that contains confidential data. The Al practitioner wants to ensure that the custom model does not generate inference responses based on confidential data. How should the Al practitioner prevent responses based on confidential data?

一位人工智能从业者在亚马逊Bedrock上使用包含机密数据的训练数据集训练了一个自定义模型。该 从业者希望确保自定义模型不会基于机密数据生成推理响应。 人工智能从业者应如何防止基于机密数据的回复?

  1. A

    Delete the custom model. Remove the confidential data from the training dataset. Retrain the custom model.

    删除自定义模型。从训练数据集中移除机密数据。重新训练自定义模型。

  2. B

    Mask the confidential data in the inference responses by using dynamic data masking.

    使用动态数据屏蔽功能对推理响应中的机密数据进行屏蔽。

  3. C

    Encrypt the confidential data in the inference responses by using Amazon SageMaker.

    使用Amazon SageMaker对推理响应中的机密数据进行加密。

  4. D

    Encrypt the confidential data in the custom model by using AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS).

    使用AWS密钥管理服务(AWSKMS)对自定义模型中的机密数据进行加密。

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 A

To ensure that the custom model does not generate responses based on confidential data, the best approach is to retrain the model without including the confidential data. This prevents the model from learning patterns associated with that sensitive information, thereby avoiding its use in inference. The other options do not address the root cause of the issueremoving confidential data from the training process.

为确保自定义模型不会基于机密数据生成响应,最佳方法是重新训练模型,且不包含机密数据。这 样可防止模型学习与该敏感信息相关的模式,从而避免在推理过程中使用这些信息。其他选项并未 解决根本问题一一即在训练过程中移除机密数据。

Question 79单选#79

A company has built a solution by using generative Al. The solution uses large language models (LLMs) to translate training manuals from English into other languages. The company wants to evaluate the accuracy of the solution by examining the text generated for the manuals. Which model evaluation strategy meets these requirements?

一家公司利用生成式人工智能构建了一个解决方案。该方案使用大型语言模型(LLM)将培训手册从英 语翻译成其他语言。该公司希望通过检查生成的手册文本来评估该解决方案的准确性。 哪种模型评估策略能满足这些要求?

  1. A

    Bilingual Evaluation Understudy (BLEU)

    双语评估替补(BLEU)

  2. B

    Root mean squared error (RMSE)

    均方根误差(RMSE)

  3. C

    Recall-Oriented Understudy for Gisting Evaluation (ROUGE)

    基于召回率的摘要评估工具(ROUGE)

  4. D

    F1 score

    F1 值

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 A

The BLEU (Bilingual Evaluation Understudy) score is a common metric used to evaluate the accuracy of machine translation by comparing the generated translation with reference translations. It is specifically designed for translation tasks, whereas the other metrics are not suitable for evaluating translation quality.

BLEU(双语评估替补)分数是一种常用的评估机器翻译准确性的指标,它通过将生成的译文与参考译 文进行比较来实现。该指标专门针对翻译任务而设计,而其他指标则不适合用于评估翻译质量。

Question 80单选#80

A large retailer receives thousands of customer support inquiries about products every day. The customer support inquiries need to be processed quickly. The company wants to implement Agents for Amazon Bedrock. What are the key benefits of using Amazon Bedrock agents that could help this retailer?

一家大型零售商每天都会收到数千条有关产品的客户支持咨询。这些咨询需要快速处理。该公司希望 在亚马逊Bedrock上部署代理服务。 使用亚马逊Bedrock代理能为这家零售商带来哪些关键优势?

  1. A

    Generation of custom foundation models (FMs) to predict customer needs

    定制基础模型(FMs)的生成以预测客户需求

  2. B

    Automation of repetitive tasks and orchestration of complex workflows

    重复任务的自动化以及复杂工作流的编排

  3. C

    Automatically calling multiple foundation models (FMs) and consolidating the results

    自动调用多个基础模型(FMs)并整合结果

  4. D

    Selecting the foundation model (FM) based on predefined criteria and metrics

    根据预定义的标准和指标选择基础模型(FM)

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 B

Amazon Bedrock agents help automate repetitive tasks and orchestrate complex workflows, which is ideal for handling thousands of customer support inquiries efficiently. This helps reduce response times and improves productivity. The other options do not directly address automation and orchestration of tasks for customer support.

亚马逊Bedrock代理可帮助自动执行重复性任务并协调复杂的工作流程,这对于高效处理数干个客户支持咨 询非常理想。这有助于缩短响应时间并提高工作效率。其他选项并未直接针对客户支持任务的自动化和协 调进行处理。

Question 81单选#81

Which option is a benefit of ongoing pre-training when fine-tuning a foundation model (FM)?

在对基础模型(FM)进行微调时,持续预训练的哪一项是其带来的好处?

  1. A

    Helps decrease the model's complexity

    有助于降低模型的复杂度

  2. B

    Improves model performance over time

    随时间推移提升模型性能

  3. C

    Decreases the training time requirement

    减少训练所需时间

  4. D

    Optimizes model inference time

    优化模型推理时间

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 B

Ongoing pre-training helps enhance a foundation model's performance by continuously updating it with new data, thereby improving its ability to generalize and perform well on different tasks. The other options do not directly relate to the benefits of ongoing pre-training.

持续的预训练有助于通过不断用新数据更新基础模型来提升其性能,从而增强其泛化能力,并使其在不同 任务中表现出色。其他选项与持续预训练带来的益处没有直接关联。

Question 82单选#82

What are tokens in the context of generative Al models?

在生成式人工智能模型的语境中,什么是标记?

  1. A

    Tokens are the basic units of input and output that a generative Al model operates on, representing words, subwords, or other linguistic units.

    代币是生成式人工智能模型进行输入和输出的基本单位,代表单词、子词或其他语言单位。

  2. B

    Tokens are the mathematical representations of words or concepts used in generative Al models.

    代币是生成式人工智能模型中用于表示单词或概念的数学符号。

  3. C

    Tokens are the pre-trained weights of a generative Al model that are fine-tuned for specific tasks.

    令牌是生成式人工智能模型的预训练权重,这些权重经过微调以用于特定任务。

  4. D

    Tokens are the specific prompts or instructions given to a generative Al model to generate output.

    代币是给生成式人工智能模型的特定提示或指令,用于生成输出。

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 A

Tokens are the smallest units (e.g., words, subwords, or characters) that generative Al models use to process text. They form the basis of both the input given to and the output generated by the model. The other options do not accurately describe tokens in this context.

标记是生成式人工智能模型处理文本时使用的最小单位(例如单词、子词或字符)。它们构成了模型输 入和输出的基础。其他选项在此语境下不能准确描述标记。

Question 83单选#83

A company wants to assess the costs that are associated with using a large language model (LLM) to generate inferences. The company wants to use Amazon Bedrock to build generative Al applications. Which factor will drive the inference costs?

一家公司希望评估使用大型语言模型(LLM)生成推论的相关成本。该公司希望利用亚马逊Bedrock 构建生成式人工智能应用程序。 哪个因素会推高推理成本?

  1. A

    Number of tokens consumed

    消耗的令牌数量

  2. B

    Temperature value

    温度值

  3. C

    Amount of data used to train the LLM

    用于训练大型语言模型的数据量

  4. D

    Total training time

    总训练时间

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 A

Inference costs for large language models are typically driven by the number of tokens processed during input and output, as each token incurs computational resources. The other factors (temperature value, training data, and training time) do not directly impact inference costs.

大型语言模型的推理成本通常由输入和输出过程中处理的标记数量决定,因为每个标记都会消耗计算资源。 其他因素(温度值、训练数据和训练时间)不会直接影响推理成本。

Question 84单选#84

A company is using Amazon SageMaker Studio notebooks to build and train ML models. The company stores the data in an Amazon S3 bucket. The company needs to manage the flow of data from Amazon S3 to SageMaker Studio notebooks. Which solution will meet this requirement?

一家公司正在使用亚马逊SageMaker Studio笔记本构建和训练机器学习模型。该公司将数据存储在亚马逊 S3存储桶中。该公司需要管理从亚马逊S3到SageMakerStudio笔记本的数据流动。 哪种解决方案能满足这一要求?

  1. A

    Use Amazon Inspector to monitor SageMaker Studio.

    使用 Amazon Inspector 监控 SageMaker Studioo

  2. B

    Use Amazon Macie to monitor SageMaker Studio.

    使用Amazon Macie监控 SageMaker Studio。

  3. C

    Configure SageMaker to use a VPC with an S3 endpoint.

    配置SageMaker使用带有S3端点的VPC。

  4. D

    Configure SageMaker to use S3 Glacier Deep Archive.

    配置SageMaker使用S3Glacier深度存档。

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 C

Configuring Amazon SageMaker to use a VPC with an S3 endpoint ensures secure, direct, and managed data flow between Amazon S3 and SageMaker Studio notebooks. This setup avoids public internet exposure and maintains data integrity during transfers. The other options do not provide a solution for managing the data flow in this context.

将Amazon SageMaker配置为使用带有S3端点的VPC,可确保Amazon S3与SageMakerStudio笔记本之 间实现安全、直接且受管理的数据传输。这种设置避免了通过公共互联网进行数据传输,并在传输过程中 保持数据的完整性。其他选项在此情况下无法提供管理数据流的解决方案。

Question 85单选#85

A company has a foundation model (FM) that was customized by using Amazon Bedrock to answer customer queries about products. The company wants to validate the model's responses to new types of queries. The company needs to upload a new dataset that Amazon Bedrock can use for validation. Which AWS service meets these requirements?

一家公司有一个基础模型(FM),该模型通过使用亚马逊Bedrock进行定制,用于回答客户关于产品的 查询。该公司希望验证该模型对新类型查询的响应。公司需要上传一个新的数据集,以便亚马逊Bedrock 奇以用手验证。1立以过0业支业) 哪种AWS服务能满足这些要求?

  1. A

    Amazon S3

    亚马逊S3

  2. B

    Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS)

    亚马逊弹性块存储(AmazonEBS)

  3. C

    Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS)

    亚马逊弹性文件系统(AmazonEFS)

  4. D

    AWS Snowcone

    AWS 雪球(Snowcone)

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 A

Amazon S3 is the most suitable AWS service for uploading and storing datasets used for validation purposes. It is highly scalable and integrated with Amazon Bedrock, allowing easy access to data for model validation. The other options do not provide the same level of integration or suitability for managing datasetsinthiscontext.

业马逊S3是用于上传和存储用于验证目的的数据集的最合适的AWS服务。它具有高度的可扩展性,并与 亚马逊Bedrock集成,便于模型验证时访问数据。其他选项在集成程度或在此类场景下管理数据集的适用 性方面均无法与之相比。

Question 86单选#86

Which prompting attack directly exposes the configured behavior of a large language model (LLM)?

哪种提示攻击会直接暴露大型语言模型(LLM)的配置行为?

  1. A

    Prompted persona switches

    提示式角色切换

  2. B

    Exploiting friendliness and trust

    利用友善和信任

  3. C

    Ignoring the prompt template

    忽视提示模板

  4. D

    Extracting the prompt template

    提取提示模板

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 D

"Extracting the prompt template" is a type of prompting attack that involves directly exposing the configured behavior or the underlying system prompt of a large language model (LLM). This attack can reveal sensitive details about how the model operates, including its internal instructions or restrictions, which are typically not intended to be disclosed to the user. Such an exposure can compromise the security and reliability of the LLM by making it vulnerable to further exploitation or misuse.

“提取提示模板”是一种提示攻击类型,它涉及直接暴露大型语言模型(LLM)的配置行为或底层系统 提示。这种攻击可能会泄露有关模型运行方式的敏感细节,包括其内部指令或限制,而这些通常不打算 向用户披露。这种暴露会损害LLM的安全性和可靠性,使其容易受到进一步的利用或滥用。

Question 87单选#87

A company wants to use Amazon Bedrock. The company needs to review which security aspects the company is responsible for when using Amazon Bedrock. Which security aspect will the company be responsible for?

一家公司想要使用亚马逊Bedrock。该公司需要审查在使用亚马逊Bedrock时,公司自身需要负责哪些 安全芳面。一 公司将负责哪方面的安全工作?

  1. A

    Patching and updating the versions of Amazon Bedrock

    修复和更新亚马逊Bedrock的版本

  2. B

    Protecting the infrastructure that hosts Amazon Bedrock

    保护承载亚马逊Bedrock的基础设施

  3. C

    Securing the company's data in transit and at rest

    确保公司数据在传输和静止状态下的安全

  4. D

    Provisioning Amazon Bedrock within the company network

    在公司网络内部署亚马逊Bedrock

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 C

According to the AWS Shared Responsibility Model, AWS manages the security of the cloud, including the infrastructure and services like Amazon Bedrock. Customers are responsible for security in the cloud, which encompasses protecting their data, managing access controls, and configuring security settings for their applications. Reference:https://aws.amazon.com/compliance/shared-responsibility-model/?nc1=h_ls

根据AWS共同责任模型,AWS负责云的安全,包括基础设施以及诸如亚马逊Bedrock之类的服务。客户则 负责云中的安全,这包括保护其数据、管理访问控制以及为其应用程序配置安全设置。 鑫麦:(htps:/awsamazicomcamRliance/shared-responsibility-model/?ncl=h_Is亚马逊网络

Question 88单选#88

A social media company wants to use a large language model (LLM) to summarize messages. The company has chosen a few LLMs that are available on Amazon SageMaker JumpStart. The company wants to compare the generated output toxicity of these models. Which strategy gives the company the ability to evaluate the LLMs with the LEAST operational overhead?

一家社交媒体公司希望使用大型语言模型(LLM)来总结消息。该公司已在亚马逊SageMaker JumpStart上挑选了几款可用的LLM。该公司想要比较这些模型生成输出的毒性。 哪种策略能让公司以最低的运营成本来评估这些大型语言模型?

  1. A

    Crowd-sourced evaluation

    众包评估

  2. B

    Automatic model evaluation

    自动模型评估

  3. C

    Model evaluation with human workers

    用人工作业评估模型

  4. D

    Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF)

    从人类反馈中进行强化学习(RLHF)

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 B

Automatic model evaluation is the strategy that allows the company to evaluate the LLMs with the least operational overhead. This method leverages automated tools and processes to assess the toxicity or quality of the generated output without the need for manual intervention or crowd-sourced input. By using pre-built evaluation metrics or toxicity detection models, the company can quickly and efficiently evaluate multiple models without the complexity and time required for human evaluations.

自动模型评估是一种策略,能让公司以最低的操作成本来评估大型语言模型。这种方法利用自动化工具和 流程来评估生成输出的毒性或质量,无需人工于预或众包输入。通过使用预先构建的评估指标或毒性检测 模型,公司能够快速高效地评估多个模型,而无需人工评估所需的复杂性和时间。

Question 89单选#89

A company is testing the security of a foundation model (FM). During testing, the company wants to get around the safety features and make harmful content. Which security technique is this an example of?

一家公司正在测试一个基础模型(FM)的安全性。在测试过程中,该公司想要绕过安全功能来生成有害 内容。业量体 这是哪种安全技术的一个示例?

  1. A

    Fuzzing training data to find vulnerabilities

    对训练数据进行模糊测试以查找漏洞

  2. B

    Denial of service (DoS)

    拒绝服务(DoS)

  3. C

    Penetration testing with authorization

    授权渗透测试

  4. D

    Jailbreak

    越狱

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 D

"Jailbreaking" refers to attempts to bypass or disable the built-in safety features and restrictions of a system, in this case, a foundation model (FM). This technique involves trying to circumvent the safeguards that prevent the model from generating harmful or unsafe content. Jailbreaking is often performed to exploit vulnerabilities in a model's filtering or safety protocols, making it a direct attempt to undermine its protections.

“越狱”指的是试图绕过或禁用系统内置的安全功能和限制,在这里指的是基础模型(FM)。这种技术涉 及试图规避防止模型生成有害或不安全内容的保护措施。越狱通常是为了利用模型过滤或安全协议中的漏洞, 从而直接破坏其保护机制。

Question 90单选#90

A company needs to use Amazon SageMaker for model training and inference. The company must comply with regulatory requirements to run SageMaker jobs in an isolated environment without internet access. Which solution will meet these requirements?

一家公司需要使用亚马逊SageMaker进行模型训练和推理。该公司必须遵守监管要求,在无互联网访问权限 的隔离环境中运行SageMaker在务。b。P 哪种解决方案能满足这些要求?

  1. A

    Run SageMaker training and inference by using SageMaker Experiments.

    使用SageMaker实验功能运行SageMaker训练和推理。

  2. B

    Run SageMaker training and inference by using network isolation.

    使用网络隔离来运行SageMaker训练和推理。

  3. C

    Encrypt the data at rest by using encryption for SageMaker geospatial capabilities.

    使用SageMaker地理空间功能的加密技术对静态数据进行加密。

  4. D

    Associate appropriate AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) roles with the SageMaker jobs.

    为SageMaker作业关联适当的AWS身份和访问管理(IAM)角色。

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 B

Network isolation in Amazon SageMaker allows you to run training and inference jobs in an environment that does not have access to the internet. This helps ensure that the data and the model do not inadvertently access external resources, meeting regulatory compliance requirements for isolated environments.

在Amazon SageMaker中,网络隔离功能可让您在无法访问互联网的环境中运行训练和推理作业。这有助 于确保数据和模型不会意外访问外部资源,从而满足隔离环境的监管合规要求。

Question 91单选#91

An ML research team develops custom ML models. The model artifacts are shared with other teams for integration into products and services. The ML team retains the model training code and data. The ML team wants to build a mechanism that the ML team can use to audit models. Which solution should the ML team use when publishing the custom ML models?

一个机器学习研究团队开发定制的机器学习模型。模型成果与其他团队共享,以使集成到产品和服务中。 该机器学习团队保留模型训练代码和数据。该机器学习团队希望构建一-种机制,以便其能够对模型进行 审计。0 机器学习团队在发布自定义机器学习模型时应使用哪种解决方案?

  1. A

    Create documents with the relevant information. Store the documents in Amazon S3.

    制作包含相关信息的文档。将文档存储在亚马逊S3中。

  2. B

    Use AWS Al Service Cards for transparency and understanding models.

    使用AWSAI服务卡片以实现透明度并理解模型。

  3. C

    Create Amazon SageMaker Model Cards with intended uses and training and inference details.

    使用预期用途以及训练和推理详情创建AmazonSageMaker模型卡片。

  4. D

    Create model training scripts. Commit the model training scripts to a Git repository.

    创建模型训练脚本。将模型训练脚本提交到Git代码库。

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 C

Amazon SageMaker Model Cards are designed to document the essential details about machine learning models, including their intended uses, training datasets, training parameters, evaluation metrics, and inference environment. This provides a centralized mechanism to store and audit the metadata of the models, which is ideal for the ML team's need to share and audit models effectively. Key benefits of Amazon SageMaker Model Cards: - Standardized documentation of models' characteristics and intended use cases. • Transparency and traceability for auditing purposes. •Integration with other AWS services for lifecycle management.

亚马逊SageMaker模型卡片旨在记录有关机器学习模型的基本信息,包括其预期用途、训练数据集、训练 参数、评估指标和推理环境。这提供了一个集中机制来存储和审核模型的元数据,非常适合机器学习团队 有效共享和审核模型的需求。 亚马逊SageMaker模型卡的关键优势: :模型特征及预期使用场景的标准化文档记录。 . :审计目的所需的透明度和可追溯性。 与其他AWS服务集成以讲行牛命周期管理。

Question 92单选#92

A software company builds tools for customers. The company wants to use Al to increase software development productivity. Which solution will meet these requirements?

一家软件公司为客户打造工具。该公司希望利用人工智能来提高软件开发的效率。 哪种解决方案能满足这些要求?

  1. A

    Use a binary classification model to generate code reviews.

    使用二.分类模型生成代码审查。

  2. B

    Install code recommendation software in the company's developer tools.

    在公司的开发工具中安装代码推荐软件。

  3. C

    Install a code forecasting tool to predict potential code issues.

    安装代码预测工具以预测潜在的代码问题。

  4. D

    Use a natural language processing (NLP) tool to generate code.

    使用自然语言处理(NLP)工具生成代码。

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 D

Natural language processing (NLP) tools can be used to generate code from high-level descriptions or suggestions, which can greatly enhance software development productivity. By leveraging NLP models, developers can automate repetitive coding tasks, generate code snippets, or even complete blocks of code based on natural language inputs. This can speed up development and reduce errors.

自然语言处理(NLP)工具可用于根据高级描述或建议生成代码,这能极大地提高软件开发的生产力。 通过利用NLP模型,开发人员可以自动执行重复的编码任务、生成代码片段,甚至根据自然语言输入完 成代码块。这可以加快开发速度并减少错误。

Question 93单选#93

A retail store wants to predict the demand for a specific product for the next few weeks by using the Amazon SageMaker DeepAR forecasting algorithm. Which type of data will meet this requirement?

一家零售店希望通过使用亚马逊SageMakerDeepAR预测算法来预测未来几周内某一特定产品的ili场 需求。自g 哪种类型的数据能满足这一要求?

  1. A

    Text data

    文本数据

  2. B

    Image data

    图像数据

  3. C

    Time series data

    时间序列数据

  4. D

    Binary data

    二进制数据

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 C

The Amazon SageMaker DeepAR forecasting algorithm is specifically designed for forecasting scalar (one-dimensional) time series data using recurrent neural networks (RNNs). It excels when trained on datasets containing hundreds of related time series, enabling it to learn patterns across multiple series and provide accurate forecasts. Reference:

亚马逊SageMakerDeepAR预测算法专门用于使用循环神经网络(RNN)对标量(一维)时间序列数据进行 预测。当在包含数百个相关时间序列的数据集上进行训练时,它表现出色,能够学习多个序列中的模式,并 提供准确的预测。 参考:

Question 94单选#94

A large retail bank wants to develop an ML system to help the risk management team decide on loan allocations for different demographics. What must the bank do to develop an unbiased ML model?

一家大型零售银行希望开发一个机器学习系统,以帮助风险管理团队决定向不同人群分配贷款。 银行要开发一个无偏见的机器学习模型,必须怎么做?

  1. A

    Reduce the size of the training dataset.

    减小训练数据集的规模。

  2. B

    Ensure that the ML model predictions are consistent with historical results.

    确保机器学习模型的预测结果与历史结果一致。

  3. C

    Create a different ML model for each demographic group.

    为每个不同的人口群体创建一个不同的机器学习模型。

  4. D

    Measure class imbalance on the training dataset. Adapt the training process accordingly.

    测量训练数据集中的类别不平衡情况。相应地调整训练过程。

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 D

In machine learning, class imbalance occurs when certain classes are underrepresented in the training dataset, leading to biased model predictions. To develop an unbiased model, it's crucial to assess the class distribution and adjust the training process to address any imbalances. This can be achieved through techniques such as oversampling the minority class, undersampling the majority class, or applying class weights to ensure the model treats all classes equitably.

在机器学习中,当训练数据集中某些类别代表性不足时,就会出现类别不平衡的情况,这会导致模型预测出 现偏差。为了开发出无偏的模型,评估类别分布并调整训练过程以解决任何不平衡问题至关重要。这可以通 过对少数类别进行过采样、对多数类别进行欠采样或应用类别权重来实现,以确保模型公平对待所有类别。

Question 95单选#95

Which prompting technique can protect against prompt injection attacks?

哪种提示技术可以防范提示注入攻击?

  1. A

    Adversarial prompting

    对抗性提示

  2. B

    Zero-shot prompting

    零样本提示法

  3. C

    Least-to-most prompting

    从最少提示到最多提示

  4. D

    Chain-of-thought prompting

    思维链提示法

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 A

Adversarial prompting is a technique used to defend against prompt injection attacks by crafting inputs that are specifically designed to identify and neutralize malicious prompts. This approach involves generating prompts that can detect and mitigate adversarial inputs, thereby enhancing the robustness of language models against such attacks.

对抗性提示是一种用于防范提示注入攻击的技术,通过精心设计输入来识别并中和恶意提示。这种方法包括 生成能够检测和减轻对抗性输入的提示,从而增强语言模型抵御此类攻击的能力。

Question 96单选#96

A company has fine-tuned a large language model (LLM) to answer questions for a help desk. The company wants to determine if the fine-tuning has enhanced the model's accuracy. Which metric should the company use for the evaluation?

一家公司对一个太型语言模型(LLM)进行了微调,以用于帮助台解答问题。该公司想要确定这种 微调是否提高了模型的准确性。, 公司应该用哪个指标来进行评估?

  1. A

    Precision

    精确度

  2. B

    Time to first token

    首个标记出现的时间

  3. C

    F1 score

    F1分数

  4. D

    Word error rate

    单词错误率

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 C

The F1 score is a metric that combines precision and recall into a single value, providing a balance between the two. It is particularly useful in evaluating models where there is an uneven class distribution, as it considers both false positives and false negatives. The F1 score is calculated as the harmonic mean of precision and recall: recsoxe ecsn+ec This metric ranges from 0 to 1, with 1 indicating perfect precision and recall. In the context of evaluating a fine-tuned large language model (LLM) for a help desk application, the F1 score is appropriate because it assesses the mode's ability to provide accurate and relevant responses, balancing the trade-off between precision (correctness of responses) and recall (completeness of relevant responses). Reference:

F1分数是一种将准确率和召回率结合为单一值的度量标准,它在两者之间实现了平衡。在评估类别分布不 均衡的模型时,该分数特别有用,因为它同时考虑了误报和漏报的情况。F1分数是通过准确率和召回率的 调和平均值来计算的: Fl-2x(PrecisionxRecall) F-2x(Precision+Recall) 该指标的取值范围为0到1,1表示精度和召回率均完美。在评估用于帮助台应用程序的微调大型语言模型 (LLM)时,F1分数是合适的,因为它衡量了模型提供准确且相关响应的能力,平衡了精度(响应的正确 性)和召回率(相关响应的完整性)之间的权衡。 参考:

Question 97单选#97

A company is using Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) with Amazon Bedrock and Stable Diffusion to generate product images based on text descriptions. The results are often random and lack specific details. The company wants to increase the specificity of the generated images. Which solution meets these requirements?

一家公司正在使用亚马逊Bedrock和StableDiffusion的检索增强生成(RAG)技术,根据文本描述生成产 品图片。但生成的结果往往随机且缺乏具体细节。该公司希望提高生成图片的针对性。 哪种解决方案能满足这些要求?

  1. A

    Increase the number of generation steps.

    增加生成步骤的数量。

  2. B

    Use the MASK_IMAGE_BLACK mask source option.

    使用MASK_IMAGE_BLACK遮罩源选项。

  3. C

    Increase the classifier-free guidance (CFG) scale.

    提高无分类器指导(CFG)的比例。

  4. D

    Increase the prompt strength.

    增强提示强度。

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 C

In Stable Diffusion, the classifier-free guidance (CFG) scale parameter controls how closely the generated image adheres to the provided text prompt. By increasing the CFG scale, the model places more emphasis on the prompt, leading to images that more accurately reflect the specified details. However, it's important to balance this setting, as excessively high values can result in less diverse and potentially lower-quality images.

在稳定扩散模型中,无分类器引导(CFG)比例参数控制生成图像与所提供文本提示的贴合程度。通过 提高CFG比例,模型会更注重提示内容,从而生成更准确反映指定细节的图像。但需要注意的是,要平 衡好这一设置,因为过高的值可能会导致图像多样性降低,甚至质量下降。

Question 98单选#98

A company wants to implement a large language model (LLM) based chatbot to provide customer service agents with real-time contextual responses to customers' inquiries. The company will use the company's policies as the knowledge base. Which solution will meet these requirements MOsT cost-effectively?

一家公司希望部署一个基于大型语言模型(LLM)的聊天机器人,为客服人员提供针对客户咨询的实时上 下文回应。该公司将使用公司的政策作为知识库。 哪种解决方案能以最经济高效的方式满足这些要求?

  1. A

    Retrain the LLM on the company policy data.

    在公司政策数据上重新训练语言模型。

  2. B

    Fine-tune the LLM on the company policy data.

    在公司政策数据上对语言模型进行微调。

  3. C

    Implement Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) for in-context responses.

    实现检索增强生成(RAG)以提供上下文中的响应。

  4. D

    Use pre-training and data augmentation on the company policy data.

    在公司政策数据上使用预训练和数据增强。

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 C

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) integrates external data sources with LLMs to produce accurate and contextually relevant outputs without the need for extensive retraining. By connecting the chatbot to the company's policy documents, RAG enables the model to retrieve pertinent information in real-time, ensuring responses are both accurate and up-to-date. This approach is cost-effective as it leverages existing data without the computational expenses associated with retraining or fine-tuning large models. Reference:

检索增强生成(RAG)将外部数据源与大型语言模型(LLM)相结合,能够生成准确且与上下文相关的 输出,而无需进行大量的重新训练。通过将聊天机器人与公司的政策文件相连接,RAG使模型能够实时 检索相关信息,确保响应既准确又及时。这种方法成本效益高,因为它利用了现有数据,而无需承担重新 训练或微调大型模型所带来的计算成本。 参考:

Question 99单选#99

A company wants to create a new solution by using AWS Glue. The company has minimal programming experience with AWS Glue. Which AWS service can help the company use AWS Glue?

一家公司希望利用AWSGlue创建新的解决方案,但该公司在使用AWSGlue方面的编程经验很少。 哪个AWS服务可以帮助该公司使用AWSGlue?

  1. A

    Amazon Q Developer

    亚马逊Q开发者

  2. B

    AWS Config

    AWS配置

  3. C

    Amazon Personalize

    亚马逊个性化服务

  4. D

    Amazon Comprehend

    亚马逊comprehend

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 A

Amazon Q Developer is a tool designed to help users with minimal programming experience to work with AWS Glue. It provides a graphical user interface and simplifies the creation of data transformation and extraction workflows, allowing users to perform tasks like querying and working with data without needing deep coding skills.

亚马逊Q开发者是一款专为编程经验有限的用户设计的工具,旨在帮助他们使用AWSGlue。它提供了一 个图形用户界面,并简化了数据转换和提取工作流的创建,使用户能够执行诸如查询和处理数据之类的任 务,而无需具备深厚的编程技能。

Question 100单选#100

A company is developing a mobile ML app that uses a phone's camera to diagnose and treat insect bites. The company wants to train an image classification model by using a diverse dataset of insect bite photos from different genders, ethnicities, and geographic locations around the world. Which principle of responsible Al does the company demonstrate in this scenario?

一家公司正在开发一款移动机器学习应用程序,该程序利用手机摄像头诊断和治疗昆虫叮咬。该公司希望 使用来自世界各地不同性别、种族和地理区域的昆虫叮咬照片的多样化数据集来训练图像分类模型。 在这一场景中,该公司体现了负责任的人工智能的哪项原则?

  1. A

    Fairness

    公平性

  2. B

    Explainability

    可解释性

  3. C

    Governance

    治理

  4. D

    Transparency

    透明度

解析 / Explanation

正确答案 A

The company is actively seeking to ensure that the image classification model is trained on a diverse dataset that includes insect bite photos from various genders, ethnicities, and geographic locations. This reflects the fairness principle of responsible Al, which emphasizes creating models that make unbiased decisions across all demographic groups. By including a diverse range of data, the company is aiming to prevent biases that could lead to inaccurate diagnoses or treatments for certain groups of people. Fairness ensures that Al systems do not discriminate based on race, gender, geography, or other characteristics.

该公司正在积极努力确保图像分类模型是在一个多样化的数据集上进行训练的,该数据集包含来自不同性 别、种族和地理位置的昆虫叮咬照片。这体现了负责任的人工智能的公平性原则,该原则强调要创建能在 所有人口群体中做出无偏见决策的模型。通过纳入多样化的数据,该公司旨在防止可能导致对某些人群诊 断或治疗不准确的偏见。 公平性确保人工智能系统不会基于种族、性别、地域或其他特征进行歧视。

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